A Thorough Guidebook for Assessing and Managing Common Symptoms and Illnesses Seen in the Pharmacy

Pharmacies, and pharmacists, are often the first source for information and advice used by a patient when health problems arise. This book supports pharmacists to recognize symptoms, advise with confidence, and recommend appropriate treatment or referral, while also providing a comprehensive digest of common conditions ideal for both practical use and reference.

Informed by the experiences and expertise of seasoned pharmacists and GPs, each chapter in the book provides pharmacists and their staff working in the community with a decision-making framework along with suggestions on “when to refer” contained within summary boxes. A unique feature of the book is that case studies are provided throughout, in which pharmacists, doctors, nurses and patients themselves describe assessment and treatment of a wide range of common problems.

This 9th edition of the book also includes:

• Consideration of conducting pharmacy consultations remotely as well as in person in the pharmacy
• New content on COVID-19 and Long-COVID in pharmacy practice
• Information about medicines recently reclassified for OTC supply
• Expanded content on women’s health including information on desogestrel, menopause and incontinence
• Broadening of the insomnia chapter to include consideration of mental health problems
• Increased content on non-drug treatment options and their supporting evidence
• A summary of evidence sources at the end of each chapter
• Decision-making support for unique cases which involve ethical dilemmas

Practicing and Foundation trainee pharmacists, as well as undergraduate pharmacy students and other healthcare professionals, will find Symptoms in the Pharmacy: A Guide to the Management of Common Illnesses invaluable when dealing with both common and obscure symptoms and illnesses.

Preface ix

Introduction and How to Use This Book xi

About the Companion Website xxxix

Chapter 1 Respiratory Problems 1

Coughs and colds 1

Cough 20

Sore throat 35

Allergic rhinitis (hay fever) 44

Respiratory symptoms for direct referral 54

Chapter 2 COVID- 19 and Long- COVID 63

Covid- 19 63

Long- COVID – continuing symptoms after COVID- 19 infection 69

Chapter 3 Gastrointestinal Tract Problems 79

Mouth ulcers 79

Heartburn 88

Indigestion 99

Nausea and vomiting 109

Motion sickness and its prevention 113

Constipation 116

Diarrhoea 130

Irritable bowel syndrome 146

Haemorrhoids 158

Chapter 4 Skin Conditions 171

Eczema/dermatitis 171

Acne 184

Common fungal infections 192

Ringworm (tinea) 198

Fungal nail infections (onychomycosis) 199

Intertrigo (candidal skin crease infections) 201

Cold sores 204

Sunburn 209

Warts and verrucae 211

Scabies 218

Dandruff 223

Psoriasis 227

Chapter 5 Painful Conditions 237

Musculoskeletal problems 237

Headache 261

Chapter 6 Women’s Health 283

Cystitis 283

Incontinence 293

Dysmenorrhoea 303

Premenstrual syndrome 311

Menorrhagia 314

Menopause 317

Vaginal thrush 328

Desogestrel oral contraception 338

Emergency hormonal contraception 345

Common symptoms in pregnancy 355

Chapter 7 Men’s Health 361

Lower urinary tract symptoms 361

Erectile dysfunction 366

Hair loss 370

Chapter 8 Older People, Frailty and Falls Prevention 377

Frailty 377

Preventing falls 378

Chapter 9 Eye and Ear Problems 385

Eye problems: the red eye 386

Eye problems: the dry eye 395

Common ear problems 402

Chapter 10 Childhood Conditions 411

Common childhood rashes – infections 411

Impetigo 420

Infantile colic 422

Teething 425

Nappy rash (napkin dermatitis) 426

Head lice 432

Threadworm (pinworm) 439

Oral thrush (oral candidiasis) 443

Chapter 11 Insomnia and Mental Well- Being 453

Insomnia 453

Mental well- being 461

Suicidal thoughts and suicide prevention 464

Chapter 12 Prevention of Heart Disease 471

Prevention of heart disease 471

Smoking cessation and nicotine replacement therapy 480

OTC orlistat 487

Chapter 13 Malaria Prevention 495

Chapter 14 Pharmacogenomics 507

Appendix: Summary of Symptoms for Direct Referral 517

Index 519

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